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Citing Sources

Attributing Sources in Footnotes, In-Text Citations & Bibliographies

Chicago & Turabian Guides

The Chicago Manual of Style and Turabian's Student's Guide to Writing College Papers
are available in the Sprague Library
.  (see below)

  • The Bibliography entries for the Chicago and Turabian styles are the SAME for both formats.
  • The differences between the styles are mainly seen in how notes are numbered.
  • In Turabian style, use superscript for endnote and footnote numbers in the text and at the beginning of each note.
  • In Chicago style, the note number in the text is in parentheses (1) and is followed by a period and space in the note.

Chicago / Turabian Examples

Article from a Scholarly Journal

Reference List Format:

Lastname, Firstname.  “Title of Article,” Name of Journal  Volume,
issue number (publication year):  page numbers.

(Note: When the issue number is given, it follows the volume number. See Example #2 below.)

Example:

Templin, Charlotte. “Marietta Holley and Mark Twain: Cultural-Gender
Politics and Literary Reputation,” American Studies  39 (1998):  75-92.

Example #2:

Smith, Johanna M. “Constructing the Nation: Eighteenth-Century Geographies for Children,” Mosaic  34, no. 2 (2001):  133-48.

------------------------------------------

Article from a Magazine:

Reference List Format:

Lastname, Firstname.  “Title of Article,” Name of Magazine,
Publication date.

Example:

Weintraub, Arlene, and Laura Cohen. “A Thousand-Year Plan for
Nuclear Waste,” Business Week, May 6, 2002.

------------------------------------------

Article from a Newspaper:

Reference List Format:

Lastname, Firstname.  “Title of Article.”  Title of Newspaper  (Place of Publication),
Publication Date.

Example:

Jeromack, Paul.  “This Once, a David of the Art World Does Goliath a Favor.”  
New York Times  (New York, NY), July 13, 2002.

------------------------------------------

Article - Online

Reference List Format:

The basic citation will be exactly as the citation for a scholarly journal, magazine or newspaper above.

To this add the following:
1. Date accessed. (If available)
2. Web address or DOI of the article.

Example:

Samway, Patrick.  “Lucas Beauchamp: an Unpublished Story,” Virginia Quarterly Review.  75, no. 3 (1999):  417-419.  Accessed January 15, 2014.  http://search.proquest.com/docview/205360912

Article, Book Chapter or Essay in an Anthology or Edited Collection:

The basic citation will be exactly as the citation for a scholarly journal, magazine or newspaper.

Example:

Holladay, Hillary.  “Narrative Space in Ann Petry’s Country Place.”  In TwentiethCentury Literary Criticism.  edited by Linda Pavlovski and Scott Darga, Vol. 112, 356-62.  Detroit, MI:  Gale, 2002.

Books

Reference List Format:

Lastname, Firstname.  Title of Book.  
City of publication: Publisher, Year Published.

Note:  If there is more than one author, subsequent authors are listed Firstname Lastname.
Note:  Cite eBooks like printed books with the addition of a description at the end of the citation denoting what sort eBook it was: Kindle edition, PDF e-book, Nook eBook, etc.,

Example:

Liebler, Naomi.  The Female Tragic Hero in English
Renaissance Drama
.  New York:  Palgrave, 2002.

Example eBook:

Brundage, James.  The Medieval Origins of the Legal Profession: Canonists, Civilians and Courts.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008.  Kindle edition.

Encyclopedia or Dictionary Entry

Reference List Format:

Author’s name (if given).  “Title of Entry.”  In Title of Whole Work, edited by Editor’s Firstname Lastname.  Edition number, number of volumes in set.  City:  Publisher, Publication year.

Example:

“Milk.” def. 2.  Dictionary of American English.  Edited by William S. Craigie and James R. Hulbert.  4 vols.  Chicago:  University of Chicago Press, 1942.

Internet / Websites

Reference List Format:

Lastname, Firstname.  “Title of Web Page.”  Publishing Organization or Name of Website in Italics.  Publication Date and/or Access Date if available.  Web address.

Example:

“African American Sheet Music.”  Brown University Library Center for Digital Scholarship.  Accessed February 11, 2014.  http://library.brown.edu/cds/sheetmusic/afam/

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